[1]Prefabrication is by no means a new idea, but in the past, unimaginative uniformity in design, together with limited materials, led to natural distaste for this form of construction. Recent years, however, have produced a revolution in this field, as a result of new techniques, wider ranges of materials and a far more variety in the shapes and sizes of prefabricated units. In fact, nowadays, there remains very little in the world of building and civil engineering that cannot be constructed effectively and attractively by means of prefabricated units.
[1]預制結構并非新構想，但是在過去，由于在設計上嚴重缺乏統一規格，再加上 材料有限，自然就使得這種施工方式不受歡迎。然而近年來，由于新技術的出現，材料 的選擇范圍更加廣泛，以及預制構件的形狀、型號多種多樣，致使這一領域發生了一場革命。事實上，在今天的工業與民用建筑中，幾乎所有的施工都能采用預制構件達到高 效而完美的效果。
[2]Generally speaking, prefabricated construction in relation to building is divided into two classes. Where the prefabricated units are entirely or almost entirely produced in a factory and transported to the site, the method of construction is known as factory industrialized building or system building. On the other hand, if the component parts are mainly produced by the contractor in a yard adjacent to the site, it is known as on-site industrialized building.
[2]-般來說，與建筑物相關的預制裝配式結構分為兩種。若預制構件完全或幾乎 完全由工廠生產，并被運到施工現場，這種施工方式就是工業化建筑方式，或稱為系統 建筑方式。另一方面，如果組裝構件主要是由承包人在施工現場附近的場地制作出來的，這種方法被稱為現場工業化建筑。
[3]Many large building contractors have developed their own organizations of system building for houses and flats, and have often been successful in securing contracts in direct competition with traditional building.
[3]許多大建筑承包商已建立了他們自己的房屋系統建筑機構，他們常常在同傳統 的建筑業直接的競爭中在中標方面獲得成功。
[4]The main advantage of factory industrialized building is that the prefabrication units can be produced to a very high standard of precision and a consistently high quality. Consequently, the tolerance margins, which are so necessary in traditional building methods, can be greatly reduced. Of course, careful planning and diligent supervision by the designer, together with the utmost standardization, are essential to attain these objectives. The working conditions in a factory are far more amenable than those on a site, and this permits continuous production. Since unskilled labor is mainly employed in the production of the units, construction should prove to be less costly.
[4]工業化建筑的主要優點是相當精確、始終高質量地生產預制構件。因而，傳統建筑中必要的容許界限就可以大大減小。當然，要達到這些0標，設計者細心的規劃，精心的監理以及最大程度的標準化都是必不可少的。在工廠里，工作條件比施工現場更 容易控制，從而保證生產的持續性。由于在構件的生產過程中對雇傭的工人技術水平要求不高，因而施工費用會有所降低。
[5]To gain the maximum advantage from this system, there must always be clear liaison between the factory and site organizations. The units should be delivered precisely when they are required and site manpower and plant should be ready to incorporate them into the construction on their arrival. The failure of proper co-ordination only results in unnecessary delay, which defeats the principle object of this method.
[5]為獲得最大程度的收益，構件制造廠與現場施工的各部門需保持聯絡暢通。在需要這些預制構件的時候，應準時無誤地運至現場，使現場的人力、設備與這些構件馬上投入運作。如果不能良好的合作，必須將導致不必要的拖延工期，這會使預制裝配施工方法難以實現其主要目標。
